What Benefits Can You Get From Using Essay Writing Services?

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Pro Essay Writer

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Pro Essay Writer

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Essay Writer 24

Essay Writer 24 You will notice that this second example is way extra concise yet not one of the which means is lost. It also uses current tense, and avoids informal phrases. Clear, concise, and precise language is a hallmark of educational writing. Instead, you should trade essays with one another as soon as you are each done with the primary draft. It is immensely troublesome to proofread your individual work â€" one goes blind to minor grammatical issues in a text after studying it repeatedly for days on finish. Critical thinking is what's going to make your essay stand out. It shows the marker that you are not merely repeating the arguments which have been fed to you throughout your studies, but truly participating with theories in an educational method. In essence, the wording of the essay query will inform you how the essay must be written. It will indicate where the focus of your essay ought to lie as you research and write. It is necessary to indicate that you simply understand both core theories in nice depth, each on a theoretical and applied level. Starting early allows your self plenty of time to do research, get suggestions and rewrite your work, which in the long term goes to attenuate stress. Ms. Mbugua stated she by no means felt proper in regards to the writing she did within the names of American students and others. Eventually, Ms. Mbugua said, she determined to strike out on her own, and purchased an account from an established author with UvoCorp. But UvoCorp forbids such transfers, and Ms. Mbugua stated the account she had bought was shut down. So with out further ado, let's dive in and study the eight steps to writing an essay. You can order any type of these works written from scratch and get fully authentic, non-plagiarized paper. You can even order enhancing and proofreading, and we are going to make certain your essay is edited, polished and glossy. The paper you get kind us is assured to move any electronic plagiarism check your school puts it via. All papers provided by ZEssay.com have to be properly referenced. Unique content material just isn't a problem for our firm. We do not doubt concerning the originality of our papers. But we wish to ensure that will not allow you to down and double-examine all orders on particular detection packages. Once the project is completed, it will be obtainable so that you can obtain. Ms. Mbugua, the Kenyan university pupil, labored for as little as $four a page. She mentioned she began carrying a notebook, jotting down vocabulary words she encountered in motion pictures and novels to make her essays more useful. We don't endorse or encourage any actions that violate applicable regulation or university policies. So does your college, they usually most likely check all submitted essays with anti-plagiarism software program. If your essay will get caught for copied material you’ll be in hassle, however with us, you keep away from that threat. During her best month, she earned $320, more money than she had ever made in her life. The New York Times is figuring out Ms. Mbugua by only a part of her name as a result of she feared that the attention would prevent her from getting future work. Cheating in faculty is nothing new, however the web now makes it potential on a world, industrial scale. Sleek websites â€" with names like Ace-MyHomework and EssayShark â€" have sprung up that allow people in growing nations to bid on and full American homework assignments. Less attention has been paid to the tricks some nicely-off students use to skate by as soon as they're enrolled. You must also be sure that all of the totally different components of your essay fit together as a cohesive and logical entire, and that the transition from one argument to the next is fluid. Students typically treat essays as lists of arguments, presenting one after the other with little consideration for a way they fit collectively, which inevitably leads to a lower grade. You can download the paper in case you are glad with the results. At any level, you can tell us what should be improved if you don't prefer it. It is similarly easy to overlook gaps in flow and logic of argument. Having a pal read by way of the work will address both of these issues, assuming that they, too, are excessive reaching. Academic writing requires a careful stability between novel argument, and drawing on arguments offered by others. Writing a completely 'novel' essay, without drawing on a single source, signifies that you just haven’t made your self familiar with what has already been printed. Conversely, citing somebody for every point made suggests that you just haven’t produced a novel argument.

History of Michel et Augustine Essay - 275 Words

History of Michel et Augustine (Essay Sample) Content: Michel et AugustineIntroductionMichel et Augustine is a French food brand that was started in 2005 by Michel de Rovira and Augustine Paluel-Marmont who were alumni from ESCP-Europe. Michel went to HEC and INSEAD Business School. The first products by the brand were flavored cookies and soon afterwards, it was followed by Lassi and Premium yogurt drinks. By 2007, the brand had started to commercializing yogurt ice-creams and two years later they had more than 60 SKUà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s. The target for marketing is French and Parisian bobos. Their products are distributed in coffee shops and food stores. The company is an innovative brand of food with activities on various markets including crackers, biscuits, desserts and yoghurts. Starting 2008, the company has started sales abroad in countries like Belgium, Dubai, Switzerland, Russia, USA, Singapore, Honk Kong and Tokyo (Sandwich, 2015).Since its launch in 2005, the company has recorded over 40% growth each year. Towards th e end of 2013, the sale volume was EUR 35 million. (Sandwich, 2015). In the French market, Michel et Augustine is a unique brand with high recognition. The company boasts of 82 healthy and tasty products based on high quality natural ingredients. Assuming that the company wants to expand its business empire to China, this paper looks into preferred modalities in China including the marketing strategies and mix in order to ensure that the market approach is a success.History of Michel et AugustineThe story of Michael et Augustine is based on childhood friendship, the appeal for entrepreneurship and the passion for food. In 2003, Augustine Paluel-Marmont and Michel de Rovira spent about six months tasting croissants and baguettes in Paris while researching on their book Le Guide des Boulangeries de Paris which was the first guide to Parisian bakeries (Bruno Plassmann, 2014). While working on their project, they conceptualized on starting their own food brand. They had been inspired by the British entrepreneur Richard Branson (Barabel Meier, 2012). Michael graduated with a degree in business majoring in Finance from ESCP school in Paris. In 1997, he went to New York to work with Credit Lyonnais and returned to Paris to work with LEK Consulting. A few years later, he joined INSEAD Business School where he graduated with an MBA. Augustine had equally dedicated most of his time in refining and defining the vision and idea of starting a new brand. He held a degree from EAP Business School in Paris and also worked with Air France previously (Carrick, 2010). Because he had been fascinated by branding and marketing right from the beginning, he thought of starting an original graphic identity going by the name Michel et Augustine or simply Michel and Augustine.The story of the duo began in high school where they spend their times on the delights of boulangeries. Upon eating various baguettes and pain au chocolats, their experiences were published in their book. Apart from getting inspiration from Richard Branson, Augustin had been mulling on the idea of starting his own food company like Ben and Jerryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s in the US (Bruno Plassmann, 2014). After a lengthy discussion, they came up with a business plan and decided to start with French Petit Sable, a sweet or lightly salted, round dry shortbread deeply rooted in French tradition. At first, they would avail sables in three forms; two classics and poppy vanilla. In the beginning, the duo made the sables themselves while working in their home kitchen. Later, they moved to bakeries after having gained good knowledge of Parisian bakeries. After all, they had made their own recipes after months of experimentation. Their original master plan was to proceed into a rented bakery once per week and sell their products for the rest of the week.Augustine had obtained a professional qualification in patisserie and baking (Carrick, 2010). However, they had financial problems and didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬t have e nough capital so they raised some money from their family and friends in order to launch their first cookie product. The duo went on making cookies themselves but after about nine months, they found a producer who accepted to make them. In 2006, they managed to raise funds via banking acquaintances in London and got 0.5 million Euros which was used to launch a drinking yoghurt resulting in enormous sales. In 2007, the duo launched savory cookies and a year later, it was followed by a fruit drink. This led to increased sales and a wider distribution network. By 2009, the company had penetrated all major food retailers in France. In 2009, the company had achieved sales of about 10 million Euros. Indeed, it had about 60 various products which were sold to almost 3,000 retailers in France (Bruno Plassmann, 2014).Chinese Market: External Strengths and BarriersMichel et Augustin is a young food company launched in 2004 although it has a premium urban positioning. Its values and brand are well embodied by its founders. Since it targets a young, urban and modern clientele, its marketing is based upon innovative campaigns that contribute a new dimension of understanding and partnership in relation to the customer. As from May 2011, the brand spread to fifteen stores in the US as well as fifteen other independent stores in North Africa. In addition, it is also sold in seven other countries mostly in Europe (EU, 2015). As the second most economic power and the most populous country on the planet, China offers a large customer base with a higher demand for confectionary products. Candy is consumed in large amounts in the urban areas partly due to a rapid pace of urbanization. Further, consumers in China are interested in good quality products and not necessarily their place of origin and this offers a pleasant opportunity for the brand Michel et Augustin. In 2011, China became the largest market for grocery and food in the world surpassing the United States. China is the fourth largest food importer in the world after the EU, US and Japan. According to the Chinese Ministry of Commerce, the total retail sales are projected to shoot at 15% per year through 2015. Apart from growing local competition and a weak distribution infrastructure, there are opportunities for European Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to market their products in the country (EU, 2015). This is driven by urbanization and expanding disposable income as well as growing taste for foreign foodstuffs, growing concerns for food safety and improving logistics system (SME, 2015). From 2006 to 2012, the Food Beverage (FB) Industry in China grew at a rate of 30%. In addition, the value of annual total production is staggering at USD 1.2 trillion.As a net importer of FB, China imported USD 73 billion while exporting USD 53 billion worth of goods. The EU food and beverages exports to China tripled from 0.9 billion to 3.3 Euros between 2006 and 2011. There are a number of key growth drive rs that can make the Chinese market ideal for Michel et Augustin. First, a key driver in Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s economy is a sharp rise in the average household incomes. Those with high incomes spend a higher portion of their incomes on high quality food products including confectionary products and dairy products. Rapid improvement in transport accelerates the economy making products arrive quickly in cities (EU, 2015). Second, the Chinese food safety standards are prevalent and ugly incidents like dumping contaminated pigs along the Huangpu River together with the milk scandal have all undermined the trust and confidence in Chinese food standards and processes. In 2012, there were allegations that Chinese KFC suppliers used illegal drugs in fattening their chickens and this made the sales tumble. As a result, a good number of the citizenry have shown preference for imported brands. A survey by Ipsos in 2012 showed that over 60% of the total consumers would prefer foreign brands. Third, the market structure indicates that most imported food is consumed in cafes, bars, hotels and restaurants and most Chinese are preferring Western food when dining out (EU, 2015). Majority of Western-style restaurants that originally targeted expatriates are currently having a predominant Chinese clientele. At the same time, many family celebrations and social occasions take place in Western restaurants.Fourth, imported beverages and food remain a vital symbol in China because it is perceived to be of high value compared to Chinese goods. For this reason, Western food products are normally packaged as gifts and the gift-giving market in China is an important custom. Fifth, the most common imported retail food products is packaged snacks like biscuits as they are eaten between meals. Western-style dinner parties are uncommon in China and many people prefer snacks than take-away ready foods. Indeed, Chinese consumers have portrayed little interest in taking European food products to their homes because of the abundance of Chinese cuisines and differences in cooking methods (EU, 2015). After all, ovens are not very common and carrying packed lunch would be pointless to many people who would not like to eat cold food. Sixth, the Communist Party in China is committed to foreign investment and major shifts in foreign policy decisions are expected soon.Legal and Regulatory BarriersThe FB market in China is laden with several barriers for many European SMEs such as Michel et Augustin. Some of these barriers are both legal and regulatory while others are related to the market characteristics and operating environment. As a result of recent food safety scandals in the market, China has moved swiftly to impose new regulations on certain industries. After joining World Trade Organization (WTO) IN 2001, China went ahead to reduce tariffs on many brands of imported products. Sanitary, phytosanitary and labeling restriction...

Use of Cell Phones While Driving - 824 Words

If you are driving at 55mph for 5 seconds in that amount of time you could cross a football field. People don’t understand how dangerous distracted driving really is. All states should have some sort of legal parameters of what happens when you get caught using your cell phone while driving. People should get a stronger/ harsher punishment for the use of a cellular device while driving. People are way more impaired when you are distracted and driving than you are drinking and driving. The problem with this is that so many people do it and it is so unbearable hearing so many stories of how many people die every year because they make the mistake. So many people drive and use some kind of cellular device. In 2009 distracted driving caused†¦show more content†¦Drinking while driving laws are much, much harsher than distracted driving. The Arizona state laws sates â€Å" if you are under the age of 21 any trace of alcohol, illegal drugs or drugs that impair your ability to drive safely will result in stiff penalties and your license will be suspended for two years.† As you can see the laws have bigger consequences. In 2008 there was a girl named Amanda and she was in a very tragic accident and amazingly survived! Amanda was buried by a tractor-trailer and she is still alive and well. After having 20 surgeries, facial reconstruction and the loss of an eye she was very happy to be alive. Even though she looks different then what she used to look like, she realized that she was a very lucky girl to be alive. After what happened to her, she wanted to try to prevent other from making the same mistake that she did. In 2009 a lawyer Joel Feldman lost his 21year old daughter to a mistake of distracted driving. Ever since the accident he has been trying to educate others about the dangers of distracted driving. One day he happened to appear at the Massachusetts State House the day after a school bus had been in an accident with children and parents from PA. The bus had be driving and had hit an overpass that the bus was to low to go through. Apparently the bus driver was distracted by a GPS. On October 10 of 2010 a 5 year old boy named Xzavier was crossing the street when he got hit by someone who was on their cellphone. Xzavier wasShow MoreRelatedUse Of Cell Phones While Driving860 Words   |  4 PagesAmericans rely heavily on cell phones to perform daily activities. Cell phone are used for phone calls, email, sending text messages, surfing the internet, and performing other tasks. It is unfortunate that many of these daily activities occur while a person is driving. As a result, an increase of accidents and fatalities have occurred because of the use of cellular phones while driving. Using a cell phone while driving is an epidemic that has taken our nation by storm. Most drivers believe theyRead MoreCell Phone Use While Driving1503 Words   |  7 Pagesforth over the lines or driving at very inconsistent speeds. You wonder what could possibly be causing the driver to drive so erratically. Is the driver drunk? Is the driver preoccupied with eating his or her lunch? Is the driver busy attending children in the backseat? Once you pull along the side you realize that was not the case, instead you notice the driver has a cellular telephone up to her or his ear chatting away, or even worse you pass and see the driver holding a phone texting, you pass byRead MoreThe Use Of Cell Phones While Driving1817 Words   |  8 Pagesknowledge that the use of cell phones while driving decreases driver awareness and overall road safety, and in response to this knowledge, some states have passed laws that have prohibited the use of handheld devices. However, there are no laws bann ing hands free cell phone usage, despite research claiming hands free devices are just as dangerous handheld devices. But, does their usage distract drivers enough to the point where states should legally ban the total use cell phones while driving? The followingRead MoreCell Phone Use While Driving990 Words   |  4 Pages Cell phones are integral to people’s lives in Canada because they are vital communication and entertainment tools. However, the use of cell phones has remained contentious, because texting and talking on the phone are associated with distracted driving. Distracted driving is, â€Å"defined as the diversion of attention away from activities critical for safe driving toward a competing activity† (Klauer, Guo, Simons-Morton, Ouimet, Lee Dingus, 2013, p. 55). Although distracted driving is also associatedRead MoreCell Phone Use While Driving1114 Words   |  5 PagesToday, we use our cell phones for just about anything and everything to include; text ing, talking to our loved ones, and connecting with the rest of the world via social media. Cell phones have become a natural way of life to where we pick up our phones and use them like second nature. However, the dangers present themselves when we get behind the wheel of a car and carry these habits of cell phone addictions with us. If all states ban the use of cell phones while driving, then there would be a reducedRead MoreThe Use Of Cell Phones While Driving1843 Words   |  8 Pagesknown that the use of cell phones while driving decreases driver awareness and overall road safety, and in response to this knowledge, some states have passed laws that have prohibited the use of handheld devices. However, there are no laws banning hands free cell phone usage, despite research claiming hands free devices are just as dangerous handheld devices, but does their usage distract drivers enough to the point where states should legally ban the total use cell phones while driving? The follo wingRead MoreThe Use Of Cell Phones While Driving1509 Words   |  7 PagesSeveral states have enacted laws banning the use of cell phones while driving; an indication of the type of society America has become. These laws were put in place not only to keep drivers from taking phone calls, but also to deter them from posting their latest tweet or commenting on their friend’s latest picture. Social media is so ingrained in society today that many are unable to entertain a world that is devoid of such technology. With usage at an all-time high, the psychological effects ofRead MoreCell Phone Use While Driving Essay1816 Words   |  8 PagesThe study was attempting to determine the thoughts and behaviors that African American freshman college students in regards to cellphone use while driving. They wanted to know how the students thought cellphones (independent variable) impact driving skills (dependent variable). Research suggests that cellphone use correlates to higher likeli hood of accidents. The study used 331 (195 females and 136 males) freshman students who held a driver’s license. The students were then given a questionnaireRead More Cell Phones And Driving: Dangers Involved with Cell Phone Use While Driving1036 Words   |  5 Pagesoften. Talking on the cell phone and driving has become a very popular thing these days. Technology is coming out with the newest phones that can do everything for you and people are attracted to that. There are people that don’t have hands free and drive their car with only one hand, people that text and totally take their eye off the road and type conversations to each other. Bluetooth is another technological breakthrough where you wear an ear piece and can receive phone calls by one touch ofRead MoreStop the Use of Cell Phones While Driving854 Words   |  4 Pages13 2013 Many people driving don’t know that they can be so many wrongs they can be doing without realizing it. Plenty talk on the phone while driving, drink, text and drive. A lot of people even innocent people as well have had accidents involving one of those. Out of the three there has been one that has become more common, and it’s only increasing if people don’t put a stop to it themselves. A usage of a cell phone should not be displayed at any point while driving. It can wait many have had

America´s Involvement in Foreign Affairs and War - 784 Words

1. Majority of the presidents before Theodore Roosevelt had no interest at all in foreign affairs until after the World War I. President Theodore Roosevelt and other presidents made foreign affairs more captivating than before. Roosevelt strongly believed in the worth and significance of Americans power and the usage of the power, but he had different ways of using the power. Roosevelt also believed that there was a great advantage in foreign affairs that would cause economic development and growing industrialist society. He believed that he had the right, the power, and that it was his duty to intervene in the affairs to make sure that there was order and stability. 2. For many years since the 1870s, majority of the leading countries in Europe had been causing tension and conflicts with one another. During this time period, Germany had gained the largest power compared to France. France had been preparing for war just in case Germany decided to attack France. Many other countries feared Germany and its power over the continent, Russia hoped to ally itself with France, Great Britain and even Germany to guarantee its protection. A deadly war broke out in 1914, a war in which European powers had tried to avoid for the longest time. Some Americans felt bad for Germany, Wilson and other Americans on the other hand sided with Britain. Wilson himself sided with England, a country he admired greatly, and England’s allies. Not many Americans wanted the United States to enter theShow MoreRelatedCan the United States Ever Be an Isolationist Country?937 Words   |  4 Pagesitself an â€Å"isolationist† nation, in which they avoided any sort of foreign affairs with other countries. But can America ever be an isolationist country with the many conflicts with its long time rivals in Europe? Before America had authority in the world, stronger nations such as Great Britain, France, and other European powers had already established and expanded their powers abroad. It was not until the late 1800’s and early 1900’s that the U.S. started to gain in strength. This was the period thatRead MoreThe United States As A Foreign Power During The 19th Century1292 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States as a Foreign Power during the 19th Century The Declaration of Independence established the self-evident truths that the laws of nature entailed. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness became rights to every person in the eyes of Americans. As the 20th century approached and America’s international affairs expanded, the natural rights declared by Americans was challenged globally. In order to protect and preserve natural human rights while also improving domestic entities,Read MoreAmericas Isolationism in the 20th Century Essay678 Words   |  3 PagesWhether America followed Isolationism depends on how isolationism is described, either pejorative or descriptive. The insulting description could mean a complete cut off from the rest of the world, like Tokugawa Japan did, who ceased all trade, cultural and religious contacts with the rest of the world. The neutral description, quoted from Thomas Jefferson in 1801, peace, commerce and honest friendship with all nations; entangling alliances with none America combinedRead MoreForeign Affairs And The Pursuit Of Liberty Essay1514 Words   |  7 PagesForeign Affairs and the Pursuit of Liberty Should America strengthen ties in foreign nations, or remain neutral when external conflict arises? This question has faced every United States President who has served, and will continue to stare the chief executive in the face. Whichever way the United States decides, neutrality or involvement, there are certain pitfalls and triumphs that come from either decision, but in some incidents the wrong decision can be detrimental. At the start of the nationRead MoreThe Big Stick By William Allen Rogers1240 Words   |  5 PagesThe â€Å"Big Stick† In the first decade of the 1900’s, the United States is beginning a progressive movement and increasing involvement with foreign affairs. The president during this time Theodore Roosevelt, a republican, was one of the first modern presidents the United States had encountered and he began to not only expand the power of the presidency but also industry, business and military. This time period in the United States was know as Imperialism. Roosevelt felt like the only way to expand theRead MoreUs Foreign Policy 1865-1914, Expansionist or Isolationist Essay894 Words   |  4 PagesWas the foreign policy of the United States primarily isolationist or expansionist through 1865-1914? At the turn of the century, and after gaining our independence, the United States land mass more than doubled through the use of purchasing, annexing, and war. However, the foreign policy of our government took a predominately isolationist stand. This was a national policy of abstaining from political or economic relations with other countries. General Washington shaped these values by upholdingRead MoreEssay on US foreign Policy 1865-1914, expansionist or isolationist881 Words   |  4 Pages Was the foreign policy of the United States primarily isolationist or expansionist through 1865-1914? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; At the turn of the century, and after gaining our independence, the United States land mass more than doubled through the use of purchasing, annexing, and war. However, the foreign policy of our government took a predominately isolationist stand. This was a national policy of abstaining from political or economic relations with other countries. General WashingtonRead MoreThe Negative Impacts Of Isolationism And Isolationism In America1716 Words   |  7 PagesFor years America has been seen as the world’s hero swooping in and saving the day from foreign bad guys, or at least that’s America sees itself as. To many other countries however America is often seen as the world’s bully or just a nuisance. The United States has had many positive impacts on the world and those seem to over shadow the large number of negative impacts it has imposed as well. The world has been changed by the U.S. in both positive and negative ways, and this is du e to the alternatingRead MoreThe United States And Foreign Policy Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica believed that it was isolated from the rest of the world, and its foreign policy reflected these ideas and beliefs. The United States was on its way to becoming a world power and advancing its own interest in the world, especially in the North and South America. 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Business Model Exporting Manuka Honey in India

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Modelfor Exporting Manuka Honey in India. Answer: Introduction Barrow, Barrow and Brown (2012) cited that business plan is designed to develop a new company or exporting the business of a successful company into a new location. In this regards, it is become very crucial to prepare a details business plan by analyzing the current business structure in existing market for establishing a possibility in success in new market place. Therefore, defining of a proper outline of the undertaken vision for exporting business that followed by operations narrations and strategies are the most important venture to complete the plan. Hence, a details business plan helps in offsetting the cost factor. It is also enable an idea to the owner and manager of the company for achieving success in new market. This report describes the detail business model for exporting the business in India of a selected company namely Manuka Honey. Overall business structure of Manuka Honey is described here including their current market structure and strategy. Process of importing, selling, customer feedback, storage, etc are describes with details through the report. Organizational Background and Structure Background of the Company (Manuka Honey) Manuka Honey is reputed for the best anti-septic, anti-microbal, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal, and anti-bacterial inflammatory action out of most famous and popular honey in New Zealand. In Australia and New Zealand, Manuka Honey is best known as a monofloral honey that is coming from the Manuka tree. In New Zealand and Australia, Manuka Honey is selling as an alternative medicine. In vitro, it has been identified that there are a component in Manuka Honey, which is the anti-bacterial properties. In 1976, the husband and wife Bill and Margate Bennett owned and operated the beekeeping company in New Zealand with the name of SummerGlow Apiaries Ltd. The company is operating with their beekeeping business since 40 years. They have more than 2500 beehives in Waikato region. More recently, the son of Bill and Margret Bennett along with their son in law namely James Jeffey joined the business and focusing on continuation on diversified business including high business growth. According to the Alan Bennett, SummerGlow Apiaries Ltd is specialized in the production of high grade Manuak Honey since past 20 years in New Zealand and Australia. The company sale their product directly to the customers that allows then in maintaining product costs as well. In New Zealand, Manuka Honey is the first company that makes high-grade honey and delivers directly to the people who can get benefits for its unique properties. The license number of the company is 1001 that is showing the dedication and historical involvement with special honey. The key areas of success for Manuka Honey are Provide high grade Manuk Honey to customers along with its unique properties that is anti-bacterial Produce very first to various between the two types of Manuka Honey Direct delivery to the customers Developing and maintaining the good relationship with the customer by serving them according to their needs and keeping the quality of the product. Communicate effectively with the current and new customers by serving high grade Menuka Honey Mission and Vision of Manuka Honey The mission of the company is to provide high grade Manuka Honey with its unique properties of Anti-bacterial to people. The key vision of the Manuka Honey is to see people benefit from their health given properties of genuine high grade UMF Manuka Honey worldwide. Place of Manuka Honey Manuka Honey is currently located as Te Kowhai, which is a small township with 8KM northwest of Hamilton. The beehives of Manuka Honey are located through the Waikato area. The company also owned over 900 acres of steep rugged in the remote inland Taranaki. Organizational Structure of Manuka Honey References Barrow, C., Barrow, P., Brown, R. (2012). The business plan workbook. Kogan Page Publishers.

Parity/Non-parity Check Essays - Error Detection And Correction

Parity/Non-parity Check Early transmission codes had a serious problem in that a bit could be lost or gained in transmission because of an electrical or mechanical failure/ If the loss went undetected, the character received on the other end of the lime was incorrect. To Prevent this from happening, a parity check system was developed. Each character is represented by a byte consisting of a combination of intelligence bits (seven bits in ASCII and eight bits in EBCDIC) and an additional bit called a check or parity bit. Even parity codes place a check bit with each byte that contains an uneven number of 1 bits. (Remember that a bit is either 1 or o). Because the check bit is transmitted only with characters composed of an uneven number of 1 bits,all characters transmitted will have n even number of 1 bits. The check bit is transmitted to and from the computer along with character code. If a bit is lost (or added) in transmission, the system will detect its loss. An uneven number of 1 bits received in a code string composed of even bits will signal an error. Odd Parity codes add a check bit to code combinations that have an even number of 1 bits. Thus,all characters transmitted have an odd number of bits. Odd and even parity care similar in nature. They are both designed to signal an error in the even that data are lost or added.

Free sample - Descartes Proofs of GodDeception and Error. translation missing

Descartes Proofs of GodDeception and Error. Descartes Proofs of GodDeception and ErrorFrom the beginning of the third meditation, Descartes seeks to establish the existence of god using his initial concept of self awareness. Descartes argued that because he thought, then he lived. Thinking ability at this time was linked to being alive and thought that there must be a god who puts the thoughts in his mind. In his quest for indubitable truth, Descartes came up with the theory of ideas, which classified those things that he considered distinct and clear to be true. Descartes argued that the idea of god should be coming from within him since he cannot experience god himself directly or find any perfection in himself. Firstly, Descartes in the third meditation sets out to prove that God does indeed exist. To begin with, he considered that the source of an idea must be as real as the idea itself.   He thought that since his idea of god had overwhelmingly unlimited content, then the one who caused the idea must be infinite and that it must be god, and thus asserted that what is more perfect cannot arise from what is imperfect.   In his conclusion, Descartes says that god is a substance that is omnipotent, omniscient, independent and infinite. He argued that if the objective reality of an idea could not come from him, then it could have come from something else. The basis for the arguments he put forward lies in the origin of these ideas.   He claimed that the ideas were suggestive that they did not come from inside him, making him to conclude that they must have come from god and therefore, God exists. Secondly, to come up with the second proof of Gods existence, Descartes thought that the power and action that is needed to preserve something is capable of creating something new. He argued that there must be as much power in the cause just as it is in the effect. According to the philosophical writings of Descartes, upon knowing that he did not have power to preserve his own existence because he was just a thinking thing; Descartes concluded that the power must have come from outside him (Descartes, Cottingham and Murdoch 26) And since he is a thinking thing, he claims that the one who created him must also be a thinking thing, possessing all the ideas and attributes of god. In addition, he observed that his parents could not be responsible for creating and preserving his life. Descartes therefore concludes that the one who created him and gave him ideas of a perfect God must be God, therefore God exists. The difference between the two proofs is that the first proof is based on the premise of objective reality and the consideration that the source of an idea must be as real as the content of the idea itself. The second prove is based on causality; that the power and action that preserves lives is capable of creating something new. Both of these proofs of God’s existence are not convincing since they are founded on arguments that can be challenged. The method used by Descartes to come up with the reality he termed as objective reality is not clear.   The proof based on causality has been criticized as being circular (Doney Willis, 2010). This means that it is not possible to claim   that one is proving the existence of God, yet that person is using knowledge he terms as distinct and clear from God to know that God. Descartes claimed to perceive some things distinctly and clearly on the grounds of God’s existence. In addition, the argument that Descartes fronts that to be alive is to be perfect is not true since it will mean then that we are either perfect as humans, or God is also imperfect. Descartes required two proofs of the existence of God so as to appeal both to the religious beliefs of the church during his time as well as a scientific proof of god’s existence in order to appeal to fellow contemporary scientists. These were the two categories of people in Descartes’ society who formed the popular opinions and criticized every new development. Descartes wanted an idea that could be generally accepted by the society. The two proof worked well for Descartes since from his time until today, his ideas are still being used and referred to both in religion and in the scientific fields. In the fourth meditation it is indicated that an error is a moral failing that can be committed when one willfully exercise the powers of believe in excess of their ability to perceive truth. According to Descartes, the ideas, also called judgments can either be true or false, because it is simply about making judgment that likens to the things that are accepted or denied (Descartes, Cottingham and Murdoch 88).   Therefore, if one affirms that an idea corresponds to a thing itself, yet it does not, then an error is said to have occurred.   ‘I do make mistakes by misusing my free will to assent on occasions that my understanding does not have a clear and distinct ideas’   the open influence by God on our thoughts, personal misuse and evil demon renders the account on human error unsatisfactory. The argument that all that thinks is perfect implies that God is also imperfect. In conclusion, the arguments that Descartes presents have several weaknesses that are subject to challenge, for example the fact that one of which is the circular nature of the causality proof.   Doubting of senses and thoughts is also evident in the meditations, indicating that the arguments may not be credible. The imperfect beings arising from the perfect and the god perfect being in the imperfect man invalidates the argument. Descartes, R, Murdoch, D. Cottingham, and J.   Descartes: selected philosophical writings Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Descartes, R, Murdoch, D. Cottingham, J.The philosophical writings of Descartes, Volume 2. Reprint. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 7

Literature - Essay Example When the Greeks became interested in biography, nothing was recorded about the man to whom they ascribed their literary treasures. It is only a romantic story that he was a blind minstrel. Homer wrote Iliad in an impersonal, elevated, formal verse, employing language that was never used for ordinary conversation; the metrical form used is dactylic hexameter, one form of Versification. In terms of style, there has been no real distinction made between the two works. This writing style of his intensifies the emotion and dramatic effect of the story, giving emphasis on the words that carries the â€Å"clue† bringing suspense and curiosity to the readers. However, since ancient times many readers believed that Iliad and Odyssey were written by different people. If Iliad deals with passion, insoluble dilemmas, having no real villains with an ultimately cruel and tragic universe, the Odyssey is its opposite. In Odyssey, the wicked are destroyed, right prevails and the family is reun ited – with rational intellect. However, this is not so much of an issue because really good writers can write from whatever perspective they want to do the story and Homer is no ordinary writer. In a direct way, Homer was the â€Å"parent† of all Greek literature; drama; historiography and even philosophy all show the mark of the issues, comic and tragic, all raised in the epics and the techniques Homer used. Marcus Aurelius, whose full name is Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus is a Roman emperor and a stoic philosopher. In his domestic policy, Marcus Aurelius was a champion of the poor, for whom he founded schools, orphanages and hospitals and alleviated the burden of taxes. He also tried to humanize criminal laws and the treatment of slaves by their masters. As a philosopher, he is remembered for his 12 books of moral precepts called Meditations. All was written in Greek while

Improving Process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Improving Process - Assignment Example According to the report  the statistical representation of Six Sigma describes quantitatively how a process is performing. To achieve Six Sigma, a process must not produce more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities. A Six Sigma defect is defined as anything outside of customer specifications. A Six Sigma opportunity is then the total quantity of chances for a defect. Process sigma can easily be calculated using a Six Sigma calculator.This study highlights that Six Sigma process improvement methodology provides a strong quantitative on process improvements which includes figures for budgets for the process improvement, expected & actual results / ROI of the process improvement project and data based statistical analysis of information which provides a very strong impact in terms of business benefits and value provided. This is a structured process improvement methodology which can be applied to any process or multiple processes at a time to identify improvement opportunities an d implement them in a controlled manner. The tools and techniques defined in Six Sigma Methodology are very comprehensive as well as general purpose and greatly assist in ensuring that all the key aspects of the problem are appropriately analyzed and considered before suggesting a process improvement solution. Stringent gateways or exit criteria for each phase of the Six Sigma Methodology ensure that all the steps are correctly performed and are adequately justified.... Benefits of Six Sigma Methodology for the Banking Process Improvement Project Six Sigma process improvement methodology provides a strong quantitative on process improvements which includes figures for budgets for the process improvement, expected & actual results / ROI of the process improvement project and data based statistical analysis of information which provides a very strong impact in terms of business benefits and value provided. This is a structured process improvement methodology which can be applied to any process or multiple processes at a time to identify improvement opportunities and implement them in a controlled manner. The tools and techniques defined in Six Sigma Methodology are very comprehensive as well as general purpose and greatly assist in ensuring that all the key aspects of the problem are appropriately analyzed and considered before suggesting a process improvement solution. Stringent gateways or exit criteria for each phase of the Six Sigma Methodology ensure that all the steps are correctly performed and are adequately justified. Applying Six Sigma Tools to Banking Process Improvement In case of the banking process improvements scenario, there are two process improvement opportunities for which Six Sigma DMAIC methodology can be applied - Project 1 - To reduce major incidents in banking transactions Project 2 - To improve the customer satisfaction for better service levels In both these cases, following the Six Sigma terminologies we have to define what is an "Opportunity" and "Defect" in each case. Accordingly - Opportunity 1 - Banking Transaction and Defect 1 - Major Incident Opportunity 2 - Customer Service Level and Defect 2 - Service Level For each project, in the "Define" phase, we have to specify the following

Preschool Literacy Essay Example for Free

Preschool Literacy Essay This paper is going to outline the myriad of benefits that high-quality preschool literacy programs will afford families, communities, school districts and the world. Today, numerous researchers are delving into HOW to establish an effective and successful pre-school program. In this paper, I hope to answer several questions: ? What is pre-school literacy? ? What benefits do participants in a preschool program receive? ? HOW do we go about establishing a high-quality pre-school literacy program? I am rather passionate about this area. Being a speech pathologist, literacy skills and communication skills are so interwoven it is difficult to separate them. I have to say that while going to school many years ago, we didn’t learn that much about literacy as it related to speech and language development. It is only recently that researchers and educators have identified the importance of how both developmental areas are linked. I feel that establishing successful and highly effective programs that incorporate family and child directed activities are crucial to the success of our young students. That being said, let’s explore pre-school literacy. What is preschool literacy? Most people hear the word ‘literacy’ and equate that with ‘reading’. This would be an adult analogy. For very young children, we don’t, nor should we, expect them to read! Early literacy skills refer to many different things, none of which is sitting down with Mom at the age of two and reading aloud for her. At the youngest ages, early literacy skills refer to children’s exposure and experience with books. The following list is derived from Schickendanz (1999) and Early Literacy (www. zerotothree. com) . It states that early literacy behaviors include: ? Book handling behaviors – handling and manipulating the book ? Looking and Recognizing- how are they paying attention to the book, pictures, words; demonstrating recognition of pictures, etc. ? Picture and Story Comprehension – Imitation of actions noted in a story, talking about a story ? Story-Reading Behaviors – verbal interactions with the books, imitating a pointing a finger at words and/or pictures. ‘Establishing strong early literacy behaviors is essential to literacy development and should be the focus of early language and literacy programs’ (Early Literacy, 2003) It is suggested that these skills develop naturally and unfold as a result of social interactions with parents and caregivers, rather than direct instruction. I agree with this statement wholeheartedly. Ideally, it is everyday interactions with infants and toddlers that include talking and book reading that help establish the crucial beginning stages of literacy development. I recently heard on a radio program (can’t cite it) that children between the ages of 0-3 years should hear approximately 30,000 words a day to build an effective vocabulary! Amazing. Todd Risley, co-author of Meaningful differences in the 3 everyday Experiences of young American children (Mangione, 2005), states that isn’t an intentional teaching of these behaviors but rather embedded in the social interactions. He believes, as do I, that oral language skills appear to be the basis of phonological processing skills, which is a strong indicator for reading readiness in kindergarten. As children move into the preschool realm, (typically described as ages 3 through 5), prereading skills are developing along a continuum, rather than as a set of discrete and separate skills. In the article Critical Issue: Addressing the literacy Needs of Emergent and Early Readers (www. ncrel. org), the authors made a very interesting point I’d like to share with you. They discussed the various stages of literacy development that are not relevant to this article, however, an important transition occurs when a child’s â€Å"‘reading’ of a story changes from sounding like oral language to sounding like written language. This demonstrates a change in ideas from thinking of reading as spoken words to understanding that reading is recreated from written text that has special wordings† (McGee Richgels, 1996;Sulzby, 1991). It is the beginning of the child’s print recognition. With respect to specific pre-school literacy behaviors that we should see addressed in a high-quality preschool program, the most important would be: ? Oral Language- engaging in rich conversational exchange with students, developing oral vocabulary, reading aloud daily, having children develop their own stories by looking at pictures (Tomie DiPola books are excellent for this) ? General Knowledge – what prior knowledge are the student’s coming into school with that they share, encouraging questions and new experiences with in the classroom, ? Print Awareness- being exposed to various written materials, some repetition of early literacy behaviors, point/drag techniques while reading ? Alphabet knowledge – the ABC song, recognizing sounds that letters make, letter recognition. ? Phonological awareness- Increased awareness of the sounds of the letters and how to play with them through rhyme, segmenting, blending, ? Pre-writing skills – later stages of development and exposure to writing mediums (pen, pencil, crayon, markers, paint), using journals with self-made pictures, word walls. (Roskos, K; Christie, J, Richgels, D, www. naeyc. org) How do participants in high-quality preschool programs benefit? I think I could go on for days about the benefits of an excellent preschool experience. For the sake of brevity, I won’t! Numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether preschool programs are beneficial and cost effective. The majority of studies suggest the answer to that is an overwhelming YES. 4 The Chicago Child Parent Center (CPC), the High/Scope Perry Preschool Program and the Abecedarian Project are all examples of highly qualified preschool programs. The CPC is recognized by the US Department of Education as an exemplary early childhood program. A comparison of the benefits of these programs was conducted, yielding what I thought were incredible results. These programs have been in effect since the 1960’s, servicing low-income areas in Chicago and Michigan (Lee, J, www.ccsso. org). In a speech given by Dr. W. Steven Barnett of the National Institute for Early Intervention Research in 2006, three separate studies compared the results of participants enrolled in the above-mentioned preschool programs against a control group that wasn’t enrolled in any preschool program. Their longitudinal studies revealed amazing results, which are credited to the attending of the preschool programs. According to them, participants in the program (as compared with non-participants): ? Were less likely to be enrolled in special education ? Had a higher rate of high school completion ? Demonstrated higher test scores ? Were less likely to repeat a grade ? Had increased earning after completing high school ? Engaged in less criminal activities ? Had a lower incidence of smoking, pregnancy and abortion. These benefits did not stop at the poverty line. They also demonstrated that middle class children benefited from the experience as well. He discussed the well-known fact that disadvantaged children benefit more when they are in class with children from different socio-economic backgrounds. An analysis I found very interesting was that ‘For every dollar invested into the preschool programs described in this paper $7 is saved in public expenditures’ (Lee. www. ccsso. org). WOW, think what that could mean to a superintendent’s budget! When trying to determine whether a preschool program could benefit those in the middle class, the US Dept. of Education, NCES, (1997) article entitled Dropout rates in the United States:1995 determined that middle class children have fairly high rates of the problems that preschool reduces for low-income children. While benefits decrease gradually with an income increase, the overall benefits are greater when ALL children are exposed to PreK. In an evaluation of 5 state prek programs conducted by Barnett,W. S, Lamy, C. and Jung, K. (2005), results revealed that in all programs, whether universal or targeted, students demonstrated gains in language, literacy and math. While all students (various SES backgrounds) gained, the low-income students gained more. Soooooo†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 How do we go about establishing high-quality preschool literacy programs? In an ideal world with unlimited funding, it wouldn’t be too difficult. However, we don’t live in an ideal world and much needed financing is often diverted to other important (or not so important! ) causes. Really, what is more important than education? One resolution could be to emulate the success demonstrated by the Chicago and Michigan programs spoken about earlier in this paper. In Rockland County, some school disctricts already offer a district-based preschool program. This year, all districts were alloted slots to participate in a Universal PreK initiative. However, while that is an excellent start to establishing a much needed entity, a lot of work still exists. During my research gathering I read many, many articles that discussed the family-centered literacy approach. Such as at the CPC, involving the parents and providing them with strategies and useful techniques to help their children empowers them and makes them feel useful and successful. Without parental involvement at the preschool level, literacy development suffers. Since the institution of NCLB, many school disstricts are seeking wasys to provide needed support to their students without it becoming a ‘special ed’ component or target program. Instituting a universal prek program benefits all. Looking at the various achievement gaps that Dr. Barnett identified in his paper, while there is significantly more of an achievement gap at the lower SES levels, there are still marked gaps in the middle class level, thus further justifying why ALL students would benefit from the experience. In an effort to establish successful high-quality preschool programs in Texas, the retired CEO of Texas Instruments was aware of the huge impact the Perry Preschool Program had on its communities and he was eager to replicate that success in Texas. Therefore, after establishing a successful pilot program, the participants wanted to be able to spread the success throughout the state and a handbook â€Å"Improving Early Literacy of Preschool Children’ was developed for prekindergarten educators. The authors and editors really were able to target what a high-quality program looks like with suggestions on how to implement them into your existing programs. The following steps are indicated to improve a preschool program: ? Set goals ? Create an improvement plan ? Build a classroom library ? Train the teachers and encourage collaboration. ? Keep rack of student’s progress ? Inform and involve parents 6 ? Communicate with elementary schools the children will attend ? Measure and document results (Dougherty, 1999) All of these steps are so important to developing a program that is successful. It is hard to determine whether one step is more important than another. Personally, I really feel that if the teachers and the teaching assistants and/or aides are given the proper training, every interaction with a child will take on new meaning. The Margaret Cone Head Start Center in Southeast Dallas has serviced predominantly low-income populations. As part of their language enrichment program (LEAP), each teacher attends six weeks of instruction at the nearby university as well as several workshops a year. Because of these teacher trainings, Cone Center children have produced improved scores on a variety of tests targeting vocabulary, language skills and social skills. I believe that involving the parents as much as possible and having them in the classroom for a half-day a week or twice a month lets them see what is happening and provides modeling they can use at home. Obstacles that I can identify at this point to establishing high-quality preschool programs that ALL children can attend include: ? FUNDING ? Private preschool programs vs. school district based programs ? Consistent participation on the part of the parents ? Difficulty providing quality training programs for the teachers and teaching assistants/aides due to lack of funding, time, resources While I feel there are many excellent examples of qualified and successful preschool programs in Rockland County, we do not meet the needs of all the children of the preschool age. As CPSE chair, I am able to provide special education needs to many children that require it. However, there is great variability between the programs that we recommend students attend. Consistent high-quality preschool programs would be beneficial to ALL students involved, not just the special needs children. In conclusion, it is a well-documented fact that preschool literacy education benefits all children involved. The need lies in our ability to establish high-caliber programs that are consistent, with staff that is well trained and caring. I think if we can distribute the information about the long-term effects researched and prove to the masses (school boards! ) that the bottom line would be cost savings to the community, we might see some change. I look forward to that day! References 1. Schweinhart, L. J. Lasting Benefits of Preschool Programs ERIC Digest. ericdigests. org. Retrieved February 25, 2008, from http://www. ericdigests. org/1994/lasting. htm 2. Dougherty, C. , et al. Improving Early Literacy of Preschool Children a Handbook for Prekindergarten Educators. Texas Instruments, 1999. 3. Lee, J. The Benefits of Preschool for High School and Beyond. Council of Chief State School Officers. Retrieved February 25, 2008, from http://www. ccsso. org 4. Roskos, K. A. , Christie, J. F. Richgels, D. J. The Essentials of Early Literacy Instruction. National Association for the Education of Young Children. Retrieved February 23, 2008, from www. naeyc. org/resources/journal 5. Mangione, P. L. (2005). Creating Language and Literacy Experiences for Infants and Toddlers. PITC Graduate Conference. Berkeley, CA. 6. Johnson, D. Sulzby, E. Critical Issue: Addressing the Literacy Needs of Emergent and Early Readers. North Central Regional Educational Library. Retrieved January 21, 2008, from http://www. ncrel. org/sdrs/areas/issues/content/cntareas/reading/li100. htm 7. Barnett, W. (2006, Jan. 10). Research on the Benefits of Preschool Education: Securing High Returns from Preschool for All Children. New York, NY. 8. Brain Wonders. Early Literacy (2003). Zero To Three. Retrieved January 24, 2008, from www. zerotothree. org/BrainWonders.

Great Britain Essay examples -- History, British Empire

Ever since its creation in 1707, the United Kingdom of Great Britain has been a powerful union of many different nations and identities, including the English, Scots, Welsh and later Irish. From the Middle Ages until the Second World War this union had not only fortified its domestic political power but also expanded its reign across the entire world, resulting in the world’s largest and mightiest empire, the British Empire. This great achievement of the union was mainly due to the remarkable sense of unity of its people who considered themselves primarily as British and secondly as Scots, Welsh or Irish. By the end of the Second World War, however, the domestic governance stability also threatened to collapse as many foreign colonies of the Empire seized independence. The Scots, Welsh and the Northern Irish started demanding more and more political independence from Westminster and by the end of the 20th century they were finally granted own national parliaments. After this p rocess of devolution, the English people started questioning their own identity and what distinguished them from the Scots, Welsh and the Northern Irish. But is there a national identity in England and if yes can this national identity be politically mobilized in the near future? When investigating English national identity and its possible future political mobilization it is crucial to analyze its meaning and history in the first part. Bechhofer and McCrone (2009) explain national identity as a political, sociological, cultural and psychological construct which is highly influence by the media, political changes within a state and its institutions. National identity, therefore, stays in a very close connection to notions such as nation, nationhood and nati... ...necessary in the eyes of the English voters that mainly vote in regard of other more important issues and debates. Partly contradicting Copus, Kumar (2001) explains that a future English nationalism is does not have to be excluded and very possible, but no one can now say how this is reflected in the future. To put it in a nutshell, in my opinion a political mobilization of the English identity in the near future is rather not probable since the English people are clearly not in the need of it an English parliament. Not only due to the multicultural aspect of its society today but also due to its imperialistic past, the English identity has become multifaceted and interpreted in many ways which makes it much harder for the English nationalism to evolve compared to Scotland, Wales and Ireland. Therefore, a unified mobilization is in the near future not thinkable.

Organization of Buddhism Essay

Buddhism is the religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama Buddha in Indian about 500 B.C.   Buddhism is the chief religion of Burma, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Kampuchea, Laos and China. Buddhism is one of the oldest and biggest religions of the world. Its central deity was Buddha, â€Å"the Enlightened One†. It was founded by Siddhartha Gautama who was born 563 B.C. in Kapilavastu, just inside the borders of what is now Nepal. Buddhism beganin India as a revolt against Hinduism. The origin of the religion is described in the article Buddha. Buddha himself did not leave any writings, and his teachings were not written down until several hundred years afte rhis death. Like Christianity and Islam, Buddhism is a missionary religion. Within 300 years after Buddha’s death, it had spread throughout India and reached Ceylon (Sri Lanka).   Monks and travellers carried it to other parts of Asia. Japan adopted it about the seventh century A.D. About the same time the religion reached Tibet. Here it was combined with native religions. The two major divisiobs of Buddhism probably developed in Indian monasteries before 100 A.D. A. The Life of Buddha Siddhartha Gautama was born in Kapilavastu, India (now Nepal) in about 563 BCE. At his birth, legend says, a wise man told his father that Siddhartha would either become a great ruler or a great holy man, depending on what he saw of life. Determined that his son should rule after him, his father did all he could to shield Siddhartha from the problems of the outside world. Siddhartha grew up in great luxury in his father’s palace. He married a beautiful princess and had a son. Despite this, he felt that something was missing from his life. At the age of 29, Siddhartha had an experience that changed his life. On a secret chariot ride outside the palace, he saw a sick man, an old man and a dead man. It was the first time that he had seen people suffering. Then he saw a holy man who was happy and content, despite being poor. Siddhartha vowed to give up his luxurious life and become like the holy man. That night, he left the palace and began his search for the answer to the suffering he had seen. After many years of fasting and hardship, Siddhartha came to the village of Bodh Gaya. Sitting under a great tree, he closed his eyes and began to meditate. There, at last, he gained enlightenment and became the Buddha. He realized that people suffered because they always wanted more than they had. The Buddha spent the rest of his life as a monk. He traveled around India with a group of followers, teaching people how to overcome suffering. He died, aged 80, in the town of Kushinagara in India. B. Its History –  Buddhism Buddhism began in India as a revolt against Hinduism. The origin of the religion is described in the article Buddha. Buddha himself did not leave any writings, and his teachings were not written down until several hundred years after his death. Like Christianity and Islam, Buddhism is a missionary religion. With 300 years after Buddha’s death, it had spread throughout India and reached Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Monks and travelers carried it to other parts of Asia. Japan adopted it about the seventh century A.D. About the same time the religion reached Tibet. Here it was combined with native religions and developed into Lamaism o  Ã‚   Buddhism According to Buddhism, liberation is attained through understanding and practice of the Four Noble Truths: 1. There is suffering in life. 2. Suffering is caused by desire for pleasure, existence, and prosperity. Suffering and rebirth cease when one ceases such desires, leading to enlightenment, or Nirvana, a blessed state in which peace, harmony, and joy are attained. 4. The way, or path, to Nirvana is the Eightfold Path, summarized as: –  Right understanding – Right thoughts – Right speech – Right conduct – Right occupation – Right meditation – Right mindfulness – Right effort The Eightfold Path is also called the Middle Way—because of its emphasis on avoiding such extremes as following sensuous pleasures on the one hand, and self-punishment on the other. The Buddhist must at all times observe the high moral principles described in the Eightfold path, which emphasizes nonviolence and the brotherhood of all. Perhaps the best-known Buddhist scriptures are the Tripitaka (â€Å"Three Baskets†), first written down in Ceylon (Sri Lanka) in authoritative edition was prepared by the Sixth Buddhist Council at Rangoon, Burma, in 1954-56. The three Pitakas are about four times as long as the Bible. C. Other Beliefs of Buddhism Buddhism’s beliefs and teachings are derived from Hinduism although there may be some slight variations in some concepts. Karma is a Sanskrit word of â€Å"action†. The action refers to volitional acts (thoughts, deeds or spoken words that are in the control of a person) as well as the forces that arise resulting form these acts. The law of Karma describes the connection between actions and the resulting forces, like good action results to good Karma while bad action results to bad Karma. Good actions are described in a Buddhist belief in the Noble Eightfold Path. A Noble Eightfold Path is a path of life that has eight stages or phases. This path consists of the right views, right aspiration, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration. Furthermore, the law of Karma states that there is a connection between the moral quality of man’s action to the resulting condition or states. The life he has now is largely dictated by what he said and did in his past life while his next life will be determined by what he is doing and saying now. In other words, the Karma of past, present and future events are connected by the law of cause and effect. For example, if one does something wrong like hurting or killing another human being; he will have to suffer the negative consequences of these actions in his present life or another lifetime. Similarly, if he does something right he will enjoy the positive consequences of that deed in his present or subsequent lifetimes.   It is important to note that the law of Karma is final. No one (including divine intervention) or nothing can stop the law of Karma from operating in a person’s life. In other words, man’s destiny is dictated only by the law of Karma itself. Rebirth as the name implies, is a process of being born over and over again (unless a person attained Nirvana or release from the cycles of birth). In simpler terms, rebirth is nothing more than a movement from one’s old body at death to a new body at birth or conception. Rebirth is necessary for the execution of Karma which needs more than one lifetime to be completed so that it can be rightly said that rebirth is nothing more than the transmission of one’s karma. Only when all accumulated karma is paid for and craving is rooted out from a person’s life that one can enter the stream that leads to Nirvana. But as long as there is delusion, greed, and aversion, which consequently fuels the desire to live, man generate karma. The Buddhists idea of Rebirth, like Karma, is derived from an Indian philosophy of Hinduism. However, the Buddhist concept of rebirth is different from Hinduism because in the Hinduism theory of rebirth there is a transmigration of souls while the Buddhist denies the existence of self or soul (the immortal version of self).   In Buddhism the idea of self or soul is merely an illusion for perceptions, consciousness, mind and body that makes up â€Å"self† is changing. The Buddhists argue that how can there be a self when in fact its composition is not permanent. Furthermore, Buddhists explained that the body is mortal and when it dies, consciousness and all mental activities cease, hence there is no more self and consequently there is no soul. According to Buddhism, liberation is attained through understanding and practice of the Four Noble Truths. First, is that there is suffering in life; Second, suffering is caused by desire for pleasure, existence and prosperity; Third, suffering and rebirth cease when one ceases such desires, leading to enlightenment, or Nirvana, and joy are attained; Fourth, the way or path, to Nirvana is the Eightfold Path summarized as; right understanding, right thoughts, right speech, right conduct, right occupation, right effort, right mindfulness and right meditation.

A Research Study On Stem Cell Therapy - 1511 Words

Introduction Stem cells are homogeneous cells found in the human body which have potential to change into, or differentiate into a range of specific types of cells (Stoppler, 1996). The refurbishment and protection of many adult tissues are safeguarded by stem cells (SCs) which exist in the top of the cellular sorting section of these tissues (Beck, 2013). Practical assessments, such as transplantation, in vitro clonogenic assesses (technique used to study efficacy of exact agents in terms of the proliferation and endurance of cells) and in vivo lineage tracing, have been undertaken to evaluate the repairing and differentiation capability of normal SCs (Beck, 2013). Currently, research is on-going to resolve whether stem cell therapy is†¦show more content†¦Minimal research findings and reports have been written on the role of side population (SP) cells in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This literature review will evaluate the 2007 research article on, â€Å"Identification of Ca ncer Stem Cell-Like Side Population Cells in Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Line,† by Wang, Guo, Chen, Zeng and Lu, and determine whether SP cells in human NPC are viable as an aid in efficient drugs and therapeutic strategies which target NPC Cancer stem cells (CSC) (Wang, Guo, Chen, Zeng, Lu, 2007). Review of Underpinning Science Cancer stem cells (CSCs) give rise to the movement of cancer from one section of the body to another, and are located in several tumour varieties. The unique properties of stem cells which make them different from normal cells are; their unspecialised nature, capability to give rise to specialised cell types and ability to divide and renew themselves (Bethesda, 2015). These stem cell properties can be used to classify CSCs, and therefore can enable them to treat NPC. A major result of this manipulation process is the ability the cell can have to extrude dyes such as Hoechst 33342 through the ATP binding cassette (which encloses membrane proteins that transfer an extensive array of substrates) (Dean, 2002)(Wu, C., Alman, B. A., 2008). Importantly, SP cells are a source of research as they contain these stem cell characteristics and are therefore able to exclude the Hoechst 33342 dye. This